A ribonucleotide in the RNA chain contains ribose (the pentose sugar), one of the four nitrogenous bases (A, U, G, and C), and a phosphate group. RNA is typically single stranded and is made of ribonucleotides that are linked by phosphodiester bonds. RNA molecules perform a variety of roles in the cell but are mainly involved in the process of protein synthesis ( translation) and its regulation. However, whereas DNA molecules are typically long and double stranded, RNA molecules are much shorter and are typically single stranded. Structurally speaking, ribonucleic acid (RNA), is quite similar to DNA. ![]() Explain how RNA can serve as hereditary information.Describe the functions of the three main types of RNA used in protein synthesis.Describe the similarities and differences between RNA and DNA.Describe the biochemical structure of ribonucleotides. ![]() By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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